Chart-drawing instrument.



No. 059,410.l Patamd '001. 9, |900.

|:. N. Movin.

CHART DRAWING INSTRUMENT.

(Applicion Bled Nov. 8, 1899, Renewed Aug. 29, 1900.)

and

UNITED v STATES PAT-ENT OFFICE.

-ELI NASH MOYER, OF TORONTO, CANADA.

CHART-DRAWING INSTRU M ENT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters :Patent No. 659,410, dated October9, 1900. Application filed November 3, 1899. Renewed Augnst 1900. SerialN o. 28,473. (Ilfo model.)

To all whom t mag/concern.:

Beit known that I; ELI NASH MOYER, of the city of Toronto, in the countyof York and Province of Ontario, Dominion of Canada, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Chart-Drawing Instruments; and Ido hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription of the same.

My inventionhas for its object to provide an instrument by the use ofwhich the history of a country or biography of an individual,institution, or other subject can be,`

depicted, my object also being to produce an instrument of such greatsimplicity and completeness that any object to be studied can bedepicted bya teacher to a class whether, the teacher is endowed with thetalents for or knowledge of drawing or not.

The invention may be said briefly to cousist of an arm adapted to bepivotally connected at one end to a base, preferably a blackboard orslate, over which it can be swung, the arm having a series of scalesmarked on separate pieces of cardboard carried in a recess in said arm,while a marker is carried by a block slidable along the arm.

For full comprehension, however, of my in-Y vention reference must-behad to-the accompanying drawings,- forming a part of this specification,in which like symbols indicate the same parts, and wherein- Figure lis aplan view of my improved drawing instrument constructed to beused inconjunction with a blackboard. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of one ofthe separate pieces with a time-scale marked thereon. Fig. 3 is a sideelevation of my' improved instrument constructed as shown in Fig. l; andFig. 4 is a transverse sectional view of the arm taken on line 06, Fig.l.

b is the arm, which is preferably of Wood and has a metallic plate csecu red to one end thereof and provided with a perforation d,

through which it is pivotally connected by a rivet to a second metallicplate 7, which in turn is rigidly connected by a thumb-screw to theframe 4 of a blackboard or slate 3. The outer face of the arm isrecessed and a series of interchangeable strips 6, of cardboard, eachvhaving a different time-scale printed thereon, are carried in saidrecess.

piece of tape) is connected at one end, as at 12, to the bottom oftherecess,A near one sidel edge thereof, and extended beneaththeiscalestrip and over the opposite side edge of the arm. By drawing onthistape the strips will be lifted and bent up sufliciently above theface of the arm to allow of their being taken hold of and removed.

The sliding block m is made of india-rubber and has a transversedovetailed recess n in its under side to receive the arm, the dovetailforrn enabling it to grip the side edges of the arm, the block being ofsuiicient length to allow of its carrying a piece of chalk O or apencilin a perforation p, extending in a diagonal line from the top sidethereof to a point outside of the beam, but in close proximity thereto.

In using my improved instrument to chronologically depict the history ofa country, biography of an individual, institution, or other subject Ifind the best results are at- -tained by constituting each osetdivisional part of the scales a century when the history of a country isto be depicted and when a scale such as shown in Fig. 2 is used, or,say, a decade when a biography is to be depicted and when a scale suchas shown in Fig. l isused.

To exemplify the use of my invention in instructing a student inhistory, I will describe the method of setting forth a portion of thehistory of Canada in outline. The arm with the interchangeable scales isfirst pivotally connected to the blackboard 3 by screwing thethumb-screw s through the plate 7 into the frame 4. (See Figs. l and Letthe'area to be studied extend from the beginning of the fifteenthcentury to the present'dayfand the teacher therefore will select thescalestrip 6, bearing the scale, as shown in Fig. 2, divided andsubdivided and with its divisions and subdivisions permanently numberedto represent the era to be studied and place it on top of the others inthe recess in the arm,

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As the portions of this time-scale from the inner end or beginning ofeach to the first offset is subdivided into one hundred parts, it willserve well to represent a century, and as the portions between theoffsets are correpondingly subdivided each offset can represent thecompletion of a century. 'lo depict the event'. of Jacques Cartiersvoyages of discovery, which took place in the years 1534 and 1535, theteacher will swingthe arm l) over toward one side of the blackboard andmove the blocks n1. along the scale until the pencil is upon thethirty-fourth line from l 500 on the scale-strip, Fig. 2. which willthen be carried in the arm, as before mentioned. He then swings the armand draws an arc, upon which he writes 1534-5 voyages of JacquesCartier." 'lo depict the historical fact that from 15254 until thecommencement of the French Colonial warin 1754 the French sphereextended over only a portion of the territory that nowconstit nies theDominion of Canada and that the remaining portions were either governedbythe British or unexplored and at the same time to depict the extent ofthese different portions of territory, the teacher divides by radiallilies the area of the blackboard into portions correspondingproportionately to that. administered by the two powers and unexplored,and the various epochs of historical import-ance are marked off byarcssuch, for instance, as Kirk held possession of colonies for Englandfrom 1629 to 1632. This affected only the areas representing what is atthe present day the Provinces of Ontario,

Quebec, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island.Consequently the teacher will extend the arcs across these portionsonly. To indicate the British North America act of 1867, whichconfederated all the provinces except Prince Edward Island, an arc. isdrawn completely across the chart excepting the portion indicatingPrince Edward Island and an arc is drawn across the portion of the chartrepresenting Prince Edward Island to indicate the epoch 1873 at whichtheisland provincejoiued the Dominion. Arcs are then drawn to indicatethe dates of the wars that affect in any way the history of Canada, anarc being drawn to represent the beginning and the end, respectively, ofeach war and extending over the portion of the chart representing t-heterritory affected. Of course as the arcs are drawn the teacher willnote thereon or in the space between them the event or era indicated.

It is obvious that in this way a teacher can easily depict and indepicting impart to a student or class the knowledge of the history ofany period or era. It is also obvious that if the biography of anindividual, including a sketch of the parents, were to be depicted ascale-strip such as illustrated in the timeruler in Fig. 4 would beused.

Although I have illustrated my invention as applied to the study of thehistory of a country, it is evident that the life of an individual canbe set forth as clearly and with equal ease.

The block m, being made of india-rubber, while affording an exceedingsimple and effective means for adjustably connecting the marker to thebeam serves also as an eraser.

I have discovered that the best results are att ai netl if theinstrument herein described is used by the teacher in conjunction withthe instrument. illustrated in my pending application, filed March 25,1899, under Serial No. 710,483, and the Goodwin chart set forth andclaimed in an application iiled August 21, 1899, under Serial No.728,023, the latter instrument and chart being used by the student.

\Vhat I claim is as follows:

1. In combination with an arm for drawing instruments of the typedescribed, a number ot' detachable strips carried by said arm andextending longitudinally thereof, each strip having a different scalemarked thereon, and rigid stops u pon the arm and extending across theend and side edges of said strips for retaining said strips againstlongitudinal and lateral displacement upon said arm.

2. An arm for the purpose set forth, having a longitudinal recess in theexposed face thereof and a series of strips bearing time-scales, carriedin said recess, said strips being interchangeable with one another, andrigid stops upon the arm and extending across the end edges of saidstrips for retaining said strips against longitudinal displacement.

3. In combination with a blackboard, a drawing instrument, of the classdescribed, comprising an arm; a number of detachable strips carried bysaid arm and extending longitudinally thereof, each strip having adifferent scale marked thereon, rigid stops upon said arm and extendingacross the end and side edges of said strips for retaining said stripsagainst longitudinal and lateral displacement; a marker carried by saidarm and adjustable longitudinally thereof, and means for pivotallyconnecting said arm at one end to said blackboard, substantiallyasdescribed and for the purpose set forth.

4. In combination with a base of an arm having a pivot-point at one endin line with one side edge thereof, a series of strips carried by theexposed face of said arm, said strips being interchangeable with oneanother; each strip bearing` a scale consisting of a series of equaldivisions radiating from said pivot-point and extending one beyond theother and offset from one another, and a series of equal divisionsconcentric of said pivot and subdividing said radial divisions, thedivisions and subdivisions of the scale upon each strip differing fromthe divisions and subdivisions of the scales upon the other strips; amarker carried by said arm and movable longitudinally thereof; and meansfor pivotally connecting said arm, at said pivotpoint, to said base,substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

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5. In combination with ablackboard Shavla notch n and a diagonal hole,p, foraichalk- Io ing a fmme 4; nu arm having'l in longiludinal markero, substantially as described and for recessin the exposed face thereoflind a sethe purpose setforth. v ries of strips, b, bearingtime-scales,` carried In testimony whereof I have affixed mysig- 5 insaid recess, said strips being interchangenature in presence of twowitnesses.

able with one another; aJ hinge-plate 7 pivot- ELI NASH MOYER. ally connecoed to one end of said ar1n;a thu inb- Witnesses: f A screw 5, forconnecting said hinge-plate to HARRY RoLLisoN AMADEUS Mmm, the frame 4;and a slidable block m having MATHEW LEE THOMAS OBRIEN.

